ࡱ> IKHc R~-bjbj20W\W\VN N 8$A4'$uuuuu -'/'/'/'/'/'/'$),DS'9S'uu4'!!!0uu-'!-'!!:E&,&urFq& ''0'{&.,B ,&&,&\!uS'S'!j',N I : sQN>NR SlP)Yet `NsvwTMO^T Tf[(W,{VJ\0Wtuirf[VEO>NRKNE VehoRYecT"hbYecNevl'Yf[Andr BergerT9\ys$NMOYec:Nb!h^u>NRASTRONOMICAL THEORY of PALEOCLIMATESSlP)Yet v|ROMR^ ^e:N2017t^6g19e-23e0Andr BergerYec/fSlP)YetxvzvHQqKNN vQxvzbg_(uؚ22000YO!k09\ysYec/fb!h97~kNu s1\LNevl'Yf[ ;NxvzeT:NSlP)Yet0SlP!jbI{0vMRN,{N\ON](WNature Nature Geosciences, Climate Dynamics, Quaternary Science ReviewsI{g RShY{e0dk!k`NsbThQV_>e ߘ[t ĉ!jf[:N80N]S0`Ns0WpSLw\9hncbTNpenx[ scSTMO^SxvzuvbT0\*NNOo`SbYT0USMO0T|e_{ S~T|N0bTT|NVeh15271930332 {xgqiaocug@gmail.comရQ15527725502 {bgeg@cug.edu.cn-NV0W('Yf[fkIl 0Wtyf[f[buir0W(NsX0W(V[͑p[[======================================================================DcRASTRONOMICAL THEORY OF PALEOCLIMATESLectures atChina University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 19-23 June 2017By Andr Berger and Qiuzhen YinEarth and Life Institute, Georges Lematre Center for Earth and Climate ResearchCatholic University of Louvain in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium1-6 will be given by Andre Berger on every morning starting from 08:30; 7-11 will be given by Qiuzhen Yin on every afternoon starting from 14:00. Table of contentsAstronomical theory. Why and what is itPresent-day and future climatesLast 1000 years, not an analogue of futureWhat does paleo provide?Astronomical elementsMilankovitch et al.Modeling the astronomical theoryProxies for paleoclimatesClimate variability at all time-scalesContinental recordsOceanic and ice records, 180, DLoess in ChinaPollen, Stalagmites, paintingsClimate over the last 500 MyrAstronomical parametersSpectrum of paleoclimates over 1 MyrEccentricityPrecession, astronomical and climaticObliquityBerger solution for long term astronomical parametersVariations of amplitudes and periodsMid-Pleistocene transition The 100 kyr cycle in astronomyFundamental elements in celestial mechanicsOrigin of the eccentricity periodsOrigin of precession and obliquity periodsInclination on invariable planeDerivative of e, instantaneous frequency of obliquityVariations of the astronomical periods over 100s MyrInsolationSolar energy and solar activityElliptical orbit of Earth around SunAreal velocity and mean Earth-Sun distanceInsolation over horizontal surface of EarthHour and Equatorial coordinatesInstantaneous irradianceHour angle at noonCulminations, max and minTime, from solar to legal civil timeSeasonsDaily and seasonal IrradiationsDaily irradiation, true and mean longitudesDaily irradiation as function of latitudes and daysLT variations of insolation, obliquity and precessionSeasonal irradiations, length of seasonsInsolation over one hemisphereIrradiance in equatorial regions.Long term variations of insolationClimate System and ModelsClimate systemClimate forcingsClimate feedbacksClimate modelsUncertainty in climate modellingModel validation and evaluationReasons of climate modellingApplications of Climate Modeling in Paleoclimate Research I: Explaining millennial-scale climate changes in speleothemsApplications of Climate Modeling in Paleoclimate Research II: Understanding the loess-monsoon relationship during MIS-13: from climate to soil modellingImpact of Insolation and Greenhouse gasesImpact of Eurasian and Northern American ice sheetsImpact of a melted Greenland ice sheet and a large Antarctic ice sheetImpact of Indo-Pacific Warm Pool temperature Modelling the soil formation: MIS-13 vs. MIS-5eApplications of Climate Modeling in Paleoclimate Research III: Modelling interglacial climate response to CO2 and astronomical forcing 10.1 The peak interglacial climate simulated by snapshot experiments Relative importance of insolation vs. CO2 and precession vs. obliquity on surface climateCompare model results with proxy dataInsolation-induced MBE in Southern Ocean ventilation and deep-sea temperature &*.248<>V`x|~    " & 2 8 : < > @ D J L N P R ` p RyoyhU?2h&CJo(hU?2h^&CJo(hU?2h^&CJhU?2hY[CJo(hU?2hY[CJhU?2h'|\CJhU?2h'|\CJo(hY[hY[CJo(hY[CJo(hB&CJKHOJQJ^JhB&CJKHOJQJ^Jo(h'|\CJKHOJQJ^Jo( h'|\h'|\CJKHOJQJ^J+(*<R , . 0 R t  XWD:`Xgd$l; XWD:`Xgdlgd'|\dhWDq`gdqdhgdq dh`gdU?2 dh`gd%$dd1$[$\$a$gd'|\$dd1$[$\$a$gdYt  4 \ |  , H J N V Z f v ѼobhqCJOJPJQJo(#h.":hqCJKHOJQJ^Jo(h.":CJKHOJQJ^Jh.":CJKHOJQJ^Jo(h%CJKHOJQJ^Jo(h'|\CJKHOJQJ^Jo(h%CJo(hYtCJo(hU?2CJo(h^&CJo(hU?2hU?2CJhU?2hU?2CJo(hU?2h^&CJo(hU?2h&CJo("  * , . 0 P R r t \5GH ¹tkeZQ>Q>$hh%CJOJQJaJmH sH hh%CJhh%CJaJ h%CJhh%CJhh%CJ aJ h%h%CJaJo( h%o(h$l;h$l;CJ\o(hlh$l;CJ\hlCJ\hlhlCJ\o(hlCJ\o( h/o(h%h'|\CJo(h%h%CJhlCJo(h%h%CJo(h%CJo(h%CJOJPJQJo(\tc345GHp :au  & Fgd%  & Fgd%gd%<gd%,R\Bm$It  & Fgd%gd%  & Fgd%*+34wx2DGH,?,v,--k-o-p-q-s-t-v-w-y-z-}-~-hjhUh%h%o(U h%CJ,hh%CJOJQJaJmH nHsH tHh%CJOJQJaJmH sH $hh%CJOJQJaJmH sH hh%CJ++34T2Twx12gd%  & Fgd%  & Fgd%gd%  & Fgd%DnGHr?,v,,--k-l-o-p-r-s-u-gdlDgd'|\  & Fgd%  & Fgd%gd%Compare past interglaicials to the Holocene and Pre-Industrial 10.2 Transient climate response to insolation and CO2Relative influence of precession and obliquity on temperature and precipitation of different latitudesWarmth intensity and duration of different interglacialsPractical exercise: programs for insolation and astronomical parameter calculations u-v-x-y-{-|-}-~-gd'|\gdlD0182P. 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